high-risk neuroblastoma
About
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and originates from sympathetic nerve ridge cells. The prognosis in the high-risk group (age>18 months, MYCN amplification, metastasis) is extremely poor. Core dilemmas: ① The 5-year survival rate in the high-risk group is only 40-50%;② Although the GD2 monoclonal antibody improves the prognosis, the recurrence rate is still high;③ Relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma is almost incurable.
Features & Symptoms
- The most common extracranial solid tumors in children
- Originating in the sympathetic ganglia
- Predisposing to bone marrow and bone metastases
- MYCN amplification has a very poor prognosis
Treatment Options
| Treatment | Description | Stage | Price Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| GD2 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy | Combined chemotherapy with GD2 monoclonal antibodies such as Dinuximab and Naxitamab has significantly improved the prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma. | FDA批准 | $300K - $800K/疗程 |
| GD2 CAR-T cell therapy | CAR-T cell therapy targeting GD2 for recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma is currently in clinical trials. | Phase I/II | $400K - $1M/疗程 |
| 131I-MIBG radiotherapy | Radioactive iodine-labeled MIBG for recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma. | 临床应用 | $200K - $500K/疗程 |
Prognosis
The 5-year survival rate in the high-risk group is 40-50%, and it is almost incurable after recurrence.
Additional Notes
Notes: MYCN amplification test: MYCN amplification is the most important prognostic factor for high-risk neuroblastoma and should be tested in all patients; GD2 antibody management: Pain and neurotoxicity need to be closely monitored during Dinuximab treatment, and analgesic drugs need to be used regularly; recurrence monitoring: Urinary catecholamine metabolites (HVA, VMA) and imaging examinations should be monitored regularly after treatment; Long-term follow-up: Long-term follow-up is required after cure, and long-term complications such as hearing impairment, hypothyroidism, and growth and development delay should be noted; GD2 CAR-T: Relapsed/refractory patients may consider the GD2 CAR-T clinical trial. Exclusive service commitment: The platform will allocate a dedicated medical team to each patient to assist in dismantling and properly deploying the following precautions throughout the process. When cross-state and cross-border diagnosis and treatment projects or drugs are involved, the platform will make overall arrangements for the entire docking; for disabled and semi-disabled patient groups, the platform will provide rush-free alternative solutions (including remote consultation, door-to-door sampling, direct drug delivery in the cold chain, etc.), to ensure that patients can get the same high-quality diagnosis and treatment resources without having to travel in person.; Study phase: FDA approval. Prognosis: The 5-year survival rate in the high-risk group is 40-50%, and there is almost no cure after recurrence.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is high-risk neuroblastoma?
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and originates from sympathetic nerve ridge cells. The prognosis in the high-risk group (age>18 months, MYCN amplification, metastasis) is extremely poor. Core dilemmas: ① The 5-year survival rate in the high-risk group is only 40-50%;② Although the GD2 monoclonal antibody improves the prognosis, the recurrence rate is still high;③ Relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma is almost incurable.
What are the symptoms of high-risk neuroblastoma?
The most common extracranial solid tumors in children,Originating in the sympathetic ganglia,Predisposing to bone marrow and bone metastases,MYCN amplification has a very poor prognosis
How is high-risk neuroblastoma treated?
GD2 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy: Combined chemotherapy with GD2 monoclonal antibodies such as Dinuximab and Naxitamab has significantly improved the prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma.; GD2 CAR-T cell therapy: CAR-T cell therapy targeting GD2 for recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma is currently in clinical trials.; 131I-MIBG radiotherapy: Radioactive iodine-labeled MIBG for recurrent/refractory neuroblastoma.
What is the prognosis for high-risk neuroblastoma?
The 5-year survival rate in the high-risk group is 40-50%, and it is almost incurable after recurrence.