Plastics, plastic chemicals, and microplastics: multiple harms to health.

# Online ahead of print. *Review Article* Plastics, plastic chemicals, and microplastics: multiple harms to health. Rocklöv J(1), Dunlop S(2), Chiles TC(3), Fuller L(4), Geyer R(5), Johnson MM(6), Karasik R(7), Muncke J(8), Raps H(9), Rauert C(10), Rhodes MG(11), Spring M(12), Stegeman J(13), Symeonides C(14), Thomas KV(10), Treskova M(15), Velis CA(16), Wagner M(17), Landrigan PJ(18). Author information: (1)Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. (2)Plastics and Human Health, Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. (3)Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA; Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. (4)Sheltering Earth, Byron Bay, NSW, Australia. (5)Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. (6)Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. (7)Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway. (8)Food Packaging Forum, Zurich, Switzerland. (9)Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco. (10)Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD, Australia. (11)Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA. (12)Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, USA. (13)Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA. (14)Plastics and Human Health, Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia. (15)Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. (16)Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK. (17)Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. (18)Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA; Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco. Electronic address: landrigp@bc.edu. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00647-1 PMID: 42001895 Conflict of interest statement: JR receives grants from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, EU's Horizon Europe Programme. SD is employed by the Minderoo Foundation. LF is an independent consultant for the Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics and receives consultant fees through Boston College. MMJ has received payment or honoraria for presenting at educational meetings from Cleveland Clinic International and the Royal Clinics of Saudi Arabia; and has a patent pending for a protocol for microplastics in blood. RK is on the steering committee of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics. JM has a research grant from the Minderoo Foundation through the Food Packaging Forum (FPF) for contributions to the Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics; has received payment or honoraria via FPF for presentations; has received support via FPF for attending meetings; advises the Momentum projects user group; serves as secretary of the Global Footprint Network (unpaid), the Foresight Analyses Network Initiative network board, and co-leads the Scientists' Coalition for an Effective Plastics Treaty working group on health; and FPF receives unconditional donations from Ardagh, BA Glass, Bucher Emhart Glass, Consol, O-I, Verallia, Vetropack, and Vidrala. MGR is employed by Boston College to provide operational management for the Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics. MS is employed by the Monterey Bay Aquarium; receives travel support from Monterey Bay Aquarium for scientific meetings; is a trustee of the California Ocean Science Trust; and is a board member of the Environmental Law Institute. JS has received travel support from the Minderoo Foundation for attending meetings. CS is employed by the Minderoo Foundation and is supported by the Minderoo Foundation for travel to attend meetings. KVT reports support from Minderoo Foundation through the University of Queensland; receives grants and contracts from the Australian Research Council, the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Commonwealth Government of Australia, the Queensland Government, and the Melbourne Water Corporation; honoraria from Elsevier; travel support from the University of Queensland, Minderoo Foundation, and the Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (all paid to his institution); and is a member of the Australian Research Council College of Experts. MT is supported by the TULIP project that has received funding from the EU's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme and is part of the Planetary Health Cluster. CAV has received grants or contracts from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Global Challenges Research Fund (paid to University of Leeds and Co-Investigator), Grid-Arendal (paid to University of Leeds principle investigator), the World Bank Group via UN Operations and the International Union for Conservation of Nature for research programmes (paid to University of Leeds—Principal Investigator), and the EU via UKRI grant agreement for the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions staff exchange Accelerate project (paid to Imperial College London and Co-Investigator; has received consulting fees from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, EMG, GIZ, the Pew Charitable Trusts, and MARS; has received payment or honoraria for presentations at Frontiers; has received support for travel to attend meetings from the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) International Environmental Technology Centre, UNEP Global Partnership on Plastic Pollution and Marine Litter, International Solid Waste Association, University of the Aegean, National Technical University of Athens, Yildiz Technical University, British Embassy Athens, and the Athanasios C Laskaridis Charitable Foundation; has participated on the steering committee of project STOP for Systemiq Indonesia (unpaid); serves as chair of the Marine Litter Task Force (unpaid) and the Chartered Institution of Wastes Management on the policy and innovation forum (unpaid); and is the owner and director of Fuelogy—a small research consultancy registered in the UK that offers scientifically impartial services in solid waste management, resource recovery, and the circular economy to sustainability-focused consultancies, non-governmental organisations, and international organisations. MW receives grants or contracts from the Norwegian Research Council for research projects on plastic chemicals and microplastics, and Horizon Europe for research on microplastics; receives support for attending meetings and/or travel from the Norwegian Environment Agency and the University of Queensland; is on the scientific advisory board of the FPF Foundation, the steering committee of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Plastics, and the steering committee of the Scientists' Coalition for an Effective Plastics Treaty. PJL is employed by Boston College; receives grants from the Minderoo Foundation and the Heinz Endowments; serves on scientific advisory boards to the Ramazzini Institute and the Heartland Health Research Alliance; was previously a board member and board treasurer for the Consortium of Universities for Global Health; is a paid consultant to Centre Scientifique de Monaco; has received travel support from the Ramazzini Institute; has received a speaker's honorarium from Children's Hospital Boston; and receives book royalties from Oxford University Press. All other authors declare no competing interests. --- DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00647-1