Strategies for achieving healthy, sustainable, and equitable dietary transitions
Summary
The industrialization of global food systems has led to dietary changes that harm both health and the environment. If global food systems are to meet the needs of a growing population for healthy, environmentally sustainable, and affordable diets, substantial changes will be required. In this Review, we synthesize growing empirical evidence on the complexity of factors that influence consumer dietary and farmer production choices, especially the roles of public and private entities that sh
Content
# Strategies for achieving healthy, sustainable, and equitable dietary transitions
*Published: 2026 Apr 2*
The industrialization of global food systems has led to dietary changes that
harm both health and the environment. If global food systems are to meet the
needs of a growing population for healthy, environmentally sustainable, and
affordable diets, substantial changes will be required. In this Review, we
synthesize growing empirical evidence on the complexity of factors that
influence consumer dietary and farmer production choices, especially the roles
of public and private entities that shape food environments. We outline
promising interventions to help facilitate beneficial global dietary
transitions, including research and development for product innovation,
regulation of food environments, and food assistance and food-as-medicine
programs. Understanding and aligning the motives and incentives of various food
system actors is essential to achieve improved health, environment, and equity
outcomes.
DOI: 10.1126/science.adr7162