Sex Hormone Influences on Venous Thrombotic and Cardiovascular Risk.
Summary
Sex Hormone Influences on Venous Thrombotic and Cardiovascular Risk. Review Article Thrombosis is a recognized complication of sex hormone therapy, which includes hormone replacement for deficiencies, contraceptive therapy, treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding, gender-affirming hormone therapy, suppression of ovulation, oncologic hormone therapy, and assisted reproduction. This review examines the effects of sex hormones on hemostasis and the vasculature and summarizes current evidence on
Content
# Sex Hormone Influences on Venous Thrombotic and Cardiovascular Risk.
*Review Article*
Thrombosis is a recognized complication of sex hormone therapy, which includes
hormone replacement for deficiencies, contraceptive therapy, treatment of heavy
menstrual bleeding, gender-affirming hormone therapy, suppression of ovulation,
oncologic hormone therapy, and assisted reproduction. This review examines the
effects of sex hormones on hemostasis and the vasculature and summarizes current
evidence on thrombotic risk, including the effects of hormone formulation,
thrombophilias, previous thrombosis, and common clinical factors. Practical
guidance on the prevention and treatment of hormone-associated venous
thromboembolism, as well as on perioperative care of patients receiving sex
hormone therapy, is also provided.
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DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra2202438